capabilities of weather and climate studies in International Polar Years / James R. Fleming, Cara Seitchek ; Cooperation at the poles? Placing the First International Polar Year in the context of nineteenth-century scientific exploration and collaboration / Marc Rothenberg ; The policy process and the International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958 / Fae L. Korsmo ; Preserving the origins of the space age: the material legacy of the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958) at the National Air and Space Museum / David H. DeVorkin ; From ballooning in the Arctic to 10,000-foot runways in Antarctica: lessons from historic archaeology / Noel D. Broadbent -- Cultural studies: -- "Of no ordinary importance": reversing polarities in Smithsonian Arctic studies / William W. Fitzhugh ; Yup'ik Eskimo contributions to Arctic research at the Smithsonian / Ann Fienup-Riordan ; Smithsonian contributions to Alaskan ethnography: the first IPY Expedition to Barrow, 1881-1883 / Ernest S. Burch, Jr. ; The art of Inupiaq whaling: elders' interpretations of International Polar Year ethnological collections / Aron L. Crowell ; From tent to trading post and back again: Smithsonian anthropology in Nunavut, Nunavik, Nitassinan, and Nunatsiavut - the changing IPY agenda, 1882-2007 / Stephen Loring ; "The way we see it coming": building the legacy of indigenous observations in IPY 2007-2008 / Igor Krupnik -- Systematics and biology of polar organisms: -- Species diversity and distributions of pelagic calanoid copepods from the southern ocean / E. Taisoo Park, Frank D. Ferrari ; Brooding in species diversity in the southern ocean: selection for brooders or speciation within brooding clades? / John S. Pearse ... [et al.] ; Persistent elevated abundance of octopods in an overfished Antarctic area / Michael Vecchione ... [et al.]. ; Cold comfort: systematics and biology of Antarctic bryozoans / Judith E. Winston ; Considerations of anatomy, morphology, evolution, and function for Narwhal dentition / Martin T. Nweeia ... [et al.] -- Methods and techniques of under-ice research: -- Scientific diving under ice: a 40-year bipolar research tool / Michael A. Lang, Rob Robbins ; Environmental and molecular mechanisms of cold adaptation in polar marine invertebrates / Adam G. Marsh ; Milestones in the study of diving physiology: Antarctic Emperor Penguins and Weddell Seals / Gerald Kooyman ; Interannual and spatial variability in light attenuation: evidence from three decades of growth in the Arctic kelp, Laminaria solidungula / Kenneth H. Dunton, Susan V. Schonberg, Dale W. Funk ; Life under Antarctic pack ice: a Krill perspective / Langdon B. Quentin, Robin M. Ross -- Environmental change and polar marine ecosystems: -- Inhibition of phytoplankton and bacterial productivity by solar radiation in the Ross Sea polynya / Patrick J. Neale ... [et al.] ; Southern ocean primary productivity: variability and a view to the future / Walker O. Smith, Jr., Josefino C. Comiso ; Chromophoric dissolved organic matter cycling during a Ross Sea Phaeocystis antarctica Bloom / David J. Kieber, Diedre A. Toole, Ronald P. Kiene ; Capital expenditure and income (foraging) during Pinniped lactation: the example of the Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) / Regina Eisert, Olav T. Oftedal ; Latitudinal patterns of biological invasions in marine ecosystems: a polar perspective / Gregory M. Ruiz, Chad L. Hewitt -- Polar astronomy : observational cosmology: -- Cosmology from Antarctica / Robert W. Wilson, Antony A. Stark ; Feeding the black hole at the center of the Milky Way: AST/RO observations / Christopher L. Martin ; HEAT: the High Elevation Antarctic Terahertz Telescope / Christopher K. Walker, Craig A. Kulesa ; Watching star birth from